Percy Jackson book report Essay

The book is funny and witty, effortlessly matching old mythology and tradition with modern culture in a way that makes the book engrossing and unpredictable. There is talk of gods having affairs with mortals, and quite a bit of married gods having affairs with other gods. In the following book report, I will first introduce the plot of the story. Then, I will talk about the writing of the author and the strengths and weaknesses of the books. After that, I will talk about the main character and other major character in the books and talk about what I have learnt after reading. At the end, I will share my overall response to the book and my recommendation. Percy Jackson, the main character, is 12 years old. He is a kid who lives with his single mother and is unsure of his dad’s identity. He has ADHD. He has a rep for getting in trouble. With help from his best friend Grover and his favourite teacher Mr. Brunner, he finds out that there is a perfectly good explanation for all of it, that he’s not a bad kid, and that he comes by everything quite naturally. He is actually a half-blood of a demigod. His father is Posiedon, God of the Seas, and Percy has some control over water. After a creepy math teacher transforms into a monster and tries to eat him, Percy’s friend Grover takes him to Camp Half-Blood. Soon after, he must go on a quest with Grover and Annabeth, daughter of Athena, to take back Zeus’s stolen lightning bolt and prevent a catastrophic war between the gods. On the basis of this short description, you can see that there are a lot of superficial similarities to the Potter books. â€Å"The Lightning Thief† is all a little Harry Potter in concept – an orphan, with supernatural powers, who has two friends (one brainy girl and one geeky sidekick), several envious rival students. He goes to a special school and he is highly skilled at the school’s favorite sport, chariot racing. He is personally charged with a quest that, should he fail, will result in the ruin of the world. The author, Rick Riordan, spends the first half of the book exploring the nature of Camp Half-blood and the various demi-god kids, as well as dropping hints about Percy’s parentage. Although, given the number of times he makes water misbehave, you would think someone would have guessed. Fortunately the plot picks up about halfway through, when the whole matter of the bolt and thieving gods comes into play. I think the author has done a great job. Rick Riordan almost seems to be teasing the audience with these similarities to Harry Potter. But he’s having fun with it, and his style and humor are refreshing, humorous, and quite different from Rowling’s. He gets to the point much faster. The action starts on page 1 and never stops! Riordan has a snappy fast-moving style, and he peppers the story with plenty of plot twists and monstrous action. And he has quite a sharp-edged sense of humor. The snarkiness is a bit annoying in the first chapter, but after that, he has produced some fun dialogue. Also, he does a good job with the concept of gods and monster surviving over the center of the western world, as well as spooking some fun at the gods’ behavior. For example, Dionysius whining â€Å"Father loves to punish me. The first time, Prohibition. Ghastly! † Besides, I found Percy rather annoying in the first couple chapters, but Riordan slowly evolves him from a rather bratty, rebellious kid to a reluctant hero. Annabeth is an excellent counterpart to Percy, smart and measured if rather haughty in attitude, while Grover is a likable little sidekick who is chewing his nails over the possibility of losing his job. And the supporting cast of gods and demigods is pretty well-drawn, especially the paternal Chiron and embittered Luke. After reading this book, I appreciate to Percy’s courage. Although he is only twelve, he is powerful and strong. Percy Jackson has to protect himself and also his friends from the many monsters that dared to attack him. He tries his best to prevent a war between the gods and take back Zeus’s stolen lightning bolt. It reminds me that we always suppose that we are too young to make some great accomplishments, but, actually, we can do it if we believe we can! Even though the book doesn’t express its message obviously, through reading the story, I learn that we have to know about our weakness and strength. Also, we can’t finish something if there are only you. Just like the book, Percy defeats all the Greek monsters and prevents the war successfully with the help and support from his friends, Grover and Annabeth. We need our friend’s pleased help to overcome difficulties. All in all, I was amazed at how much I enjoyed this book. The book is full of magic, and mystery, and adventure. At first, I only began to read the stories because I had watched this book’s movie version at the cinema. The movie is marvelous. And to me, a book must be worth-seeing as it has to be good enough to put into a film. As I went farther along in the book, it became more exciting. I was constantly desired to read this book more and I found it hard to put down. It has so much going on. You could revolve your entire curriculum around for quite some time. I would immerse myself in completely. In fact, I was in tears at the end of the book not because the ending was depressing which went deep into my heart. It leaves the door open for more adventures from Percy Jackson. Anyway, I like this book as it has a little bit of everything: danger, heroes, villains, action, mystery, and adventure. It’s funny sometimes, and scary sometimes, and powerful sometimes, and even sad sometimes, but it’s a story that will keep you turning the pages as fast as your eyes can read the words. It is a whole new and fun way of looking at the Greek myths. I highly recommend this book to all of you!

Nature of Relationship between Edward II and Graveston and its effects Essay

Marlowe’s Edward II is marked with the thematic expressions of correlation between status and sodomy. Sodomy affects status in the play at multiple level and status influences sodomy in various ways. In the play, Marlowe takes into accounts the story of Edward II, whose homoeroticism takes primacy over his political stature and socio-cultural commitments. He ultimately pays back for his criminality and sins through constant torments and afflictions and play culminates on his tragic death. As far as sodomitical relations remains apolitical, there is no public castigation or disapproval of this affair, but it becomes a cause of tension when it is transformed into a political associations with political objectives. Marlowe portrays Edward’s homoerotic love and affiliation with his underling Piers Gaveston. Play opens with following lines where Edward openly expresses his homoeroticism; â€Å"Sweet prince, I come. These, these thy amorous lines/ Might have enforced me to have swum from France,/ And, like Leander, gasped upon the sand,/ So thou wouldst smile and take me in thy arms. † (1. 1. 34) King Edward claims that he would give in his entire kingdom to only keep a â€Å"nook or corner† where he and Graveston could â€Å"frolic† is an ultimate manifestation of his love for Gaveston. (1. 4. 72-3). This further discloses that King is not much interested in his political obligations and responsibilities and his mind is captivated by the thoughts of homoeroticism and Graveston. Spencer Jr. is another character on whom King bestows his affections for the same reason of erotic love. Edward often calls Spencer with the titles of â€Å"sweet†. For example on one occasion he says; â€Å"Spencer, sweet Spencer, I adopt thee here†(3. 1. 144), repeat on another occasion; â€Å"Spencer, ah, sweet Spencer, thus then must we part? † (4. 7. 72) and again says; â€Å"Part we must, / Sweet Spencer† (4. 7. 94-5). Rutkoski says in this regard; â€Å"Edward calls the former â€Å"Good Piers of Gaveston, my sweet favorite† and indeed favors Gaveston to the extent that the king denies any distinction between him and his lover (III. iii. 8). To â€Å"manifest [his] love,† Edward offers Spencer Jr. a largess of crowns and promises, â€Å"daily [we] will enrich thee with our favor, / That, as the sunshine, shall reflect o’er thee† (III. i. 52, 50-1). Until the prince’s first entrance in act III, scene i–an entrance that hovers near the center of the play, as if the boy represents the heart of it–there is only one, rather colorless, mention of his existence. † But that love does not restrict to the private corridors of the palace but is manifested in the form of bestowing high status to Graveston. Edward makes him â€Å"Lord High Chamberlain, Earl of Cornwall, King and Lord of Man†. Additionally, there are various outcrop of this political recognition of homoerotic affairs. On one side Graveston longs for greater admiration, respect and acknowledgment of his status and hankers after various measures o gather supremacy among the noble ranks. On the other hand Edward craves for an official demand for public recognition of his sodomitical love for Graveston and sanctified by the nobles and lords. To further his purpose Graveston sow the seeds of ill-wishes in the mind of Edward against nobles. For example Graveston explicitly criticize nobles during his second meeting with the King. His major concern is that although he is close associate and darling of king, nobles does not entertain him with respect and does not recognize his political position. He says to King: â€Å"Base leaden earls that glory in your birth,/Go sit at home and eat your tenants’ beef,/ And come not here to scoff at Gaveston,/ Whose mounting thoughts did never creep so low/ As to bestow a look on such as you. † (2. 2. 74-8) Initially nobility has no objection to the sodomitical affairs of the king. Instead nobility endorses it in one way or the other. For example Mortimer Senior’s not only approves of Edward’s homosexuality but also defend it by citing historical examples of royalty indulgence in homoerotic activities. He says in his speech: â€Å"The mightiest kings have had their minions:/ Great Alexander loved Hephestion;/ The conquering Hercules for Hylas wept;/ And for Patroclus stern Achilles drooped. / And not kings only, but the wisest men:/ The Roman Tully loved Octavius,/ Grave Socrates, wild Alcibiades. † (1. 4. 390-6) This example clearly manifest an admiration of homosexuality as great people remained indulged in this practice. So nobility does not challenge homoeroticism of Edward on the premises of it religious attributions i. e. something related to sin. Following this premise, Mortimer Junior is of the view that King’s â€Å"wanton humour grieves not me† (1. 4. 401); So there is no concern about his bad habitual formation and tendencies as long as it remains private and apolitical. Ellenzweig has summed up the main cause of nobility’s anger against Graveston: â€Å"Everyone else–the anti-Gaveston faction at court, Church representatives, and Queen Isabella herself–are too driven by self-interest to find in Gaveston’s rise anything but threats to their own status. And within the terms of the play, if perhaps not the historical record, the anti-Gavestons are traitorous to their king: they seek not only to thwart Edward’s love, but ultimately, in the sexual-power alliance of Mortimer and Isabella, to overthrow their rightful sovereign. † It is obvious that defiance of nobility and lords does not stem from Edward indulgence in homoerotic amorous affairs but the public recognition of Graveston and his placement at higher stature in the court. Openness of this affair to public and recognition of Graveston new status is not only shocking for the nobility but is offensive to them as a minion with low moral qualities is made Chamberlain. So relationship thus is not restricted to sexual capacity only but is transformed into a political association. Marlowe has beautifully disclosed the varying nature of relationship as he discloses that private becomes public and sexual becomes political. But elemental nobility does not want to recognize him more than a sodomite. They not only disapprove political recognition of Graveston by the king but also challenges it whenever they find a chance. For example, Lancaster asks king about permission to Graveston to sit with people f ranks in the court: â€Å"why do you thus incense your peers. / That naturally would love and honour you / But for that base and obscure Gaveston? † (1. 1. 98-100). So political recognition is unacceptable to lords and they start defying by a series of flare-ups and trivial squabbles. It seems that for Gaveston’s, the basic objective this sodomitical relations is not gratification of erotic desires but he utilize his sexuality to promote his political aims and to gain an upward mobility. So he does not let king go away from his shackles. He skillfully employs his sexual dexterities. This tension between his spell-bound effect on Edward in order to further his political goals and nobility’s defiance of his political recognition and growing influence in the corridors of power finally lead to establishment of some troublemaking elements. Edward II disinterest in the political affairs further causes misgovernance that ultimate culminates in the insurgency by the nobility. Such was the captivation of Graveston that after his detainment, Edward does not recognize the reality of the situation but says; â€Å"Ah, Spencer, not the riches of my realm/ Can ransom [Gaveston]! Ah, he is mark’d to die. / I know the malice of the younger Mortimer. † (3. 1. 3-5) There is another manifestation of this homoeroticism on the familial relationships. Edward’s relation with his wife and son is marred by excessive love for Graveston and Spencer Jr. Queen grumble against Edward’s inattention to her and Edward Junior and warns the king to leave to France with her son: â€Å"If [King Edward] be strange and not regard my words,/ My son and I will over into France,/ And to the King, my brother, there complain. † (2. 4. 64-6) Rutkoski says in this regard that â€Å"Prince Edward’s potential to be loved by his father is eclipsed during the first several acts by the play’s focus on Gaveston and Spencer Jr. † Rutkoski further elaborates that Edward Jr. is only able to mark his presence due to the death of Graveston. So inattention and lack of paternal affection was his fate till the death of Graveston. He further says that â€Å"When Prince Edward physically appears on the stage in act III, scene i, Gaveston has been killed and Spencer Jr. is well on his way to replacing him, though without evoking the marked eroticism that characterized Edward and Gaveston’s king-minion relationship. † The low status of Graveston is challenged at every instant in the play and it creates the main dramatic tension in the play. The two most frequently used phrases in the play are against Graveston’s low status i. e. â€Å"low† and minion†. This main dramatic tension culminates in class ambitiousness that activates forces on both sides. The established nobility does not want an alien of low status to be among them and Graveston’s political ambitions forces him to take every measure to get a higher place among nobility. This saga finally ends with the execution of Graveston but Edward’s politics of sodomitical relationship does not end here as Marlowe places Spencer Jr. and same patterns of relationships are replicated again. Spencer Jr is subjected to the same ridicule e. g. â€Å"a putrifying branch / That deads the royal vine† (3. 1. 162-3). However some critics are of the view that Edward relation with Spencer Jr. was devoid of homoerotic connotations. Charlton is of the view that sexual passion only existed between Edward and Gaveston, â€Å"but for the most part Edward’s favourites [Spencer and Baldock] are presented, as in Raphael Holinshed, only as the objects of infatuated friendship†. ( p. 29) Whatever is the nature of relationship between Edward and Spencer Jr. it must be kept in mind that this gives a new life to rebelliousness of the nobles against Edward II after the execution of Graveston. The whole affair ends with degradation of the king and finally his execution. Above-mentioned arguments and supporting evidence clearly manifest that Graveston’s homoerotic relation with Edward was of political nature as Graveston utilized it to promote his political aims. This produced defiance among the nobility that rebelled against him due to his underserved grant of higher status to Graveston. Calmness prevailed until this relation was out of the spheres of politics and corridors of powers. Works Cite d Gregory W. Bredbeck, Sodomy and Interpretation: Marlowe to Milton (Ithaca and London: Cornell Univ. Press, 1991.Edward II, ed. Charlton and R. D. Waller, The Works and Life of Christopher Marlowe. London: Methuen, 1933. Ellenzweig, Allen. â€Å"The Marlowe in Edward II. (Christopher Marlowe)(Critical essay). .† The Gay & Lesbian Review Worldwide. 15. 2 (March-April 2008): 12(3). General OneFile. Gale. Apollo Library. 3 Sept. 2008 . Rutkoski, Marie. â€Å"Breeching the boy in Marlowe’s Edward II. † Studies in English Literature, 1500-1900. 46. 2 (Spring 2006): 281(24). General OneFile. Gale. Apollo Library. 3 Sept. 2008. .

Nintendo Strategy

Simplifying the design and use of the WI system allowed the developers to create the perfect entry strategy for their new target market with great success. In the first half of 2007, the Nintendo WI sold more units in the united States than the Oxbow 360 and Plantation 3 (ASS). In the first quarter of 2008, Nineteen's net sales were up over 20% from the same quarter the previous year and WI was outselling Its seventh generation home system rivals the Sony Plantation 3 and the Oxbow 360.Nineteen's net income in the same quarter was up over 30% from the same quarter the previous year due to the intended strength of WI and Nintendo ADS hardware and software sales. Finally, most believe that both Sony and Microsoft had been traditionally operating at a loss with anticipated gains In software and game sales while Nintendo enjoyed operating profits. Although initially surprised by Wig's resounding broad appeal, Sony and Oxbow were prepared for a series of competitive counter moves designed to attack Wig's popularity going into the 2008 holiday season.Some of your students may have received early versions of game consoles such as Nintendo 64, Saga Genesis, or Plantation or handheld games such as Nintendo Gamey as gifts when they were children. Given he increasing popularity, sophistication and complexity of consoles, it's also likely Tanat a majority AT your students currently own one AT ten inhumane game or consoles mentioned in the case.The case will allow you to illustrate concepts from Chapters 3 – 6 if used as a stand alone case or can be paired with Case 11–Competition in the Video Game Console Industry if you prefer to use the case to focus on the strategy options presented in Chapters 5 and 6. The case provides sufficient information to allow students to prepare a review of the industry dominant economic characteristics, Lully examine the competitive forces at play in the video game industry, consider the industry driving forces and key success f actors, and examine Nineteen's internal situation and recent financial performance.The case also allows students to understand how focused differentiation strategies are capable of yielding above- average profit margins without a reliance on premium pricing. The case also allows students to understand the appeal of Nineteen's Blue Ocean strategy and observe how the company has turned a first mover advantage into what appears to be a sustainable advantage. This teaching note reflects the thinking and analysis of the case authors, Professor Lou Marino and Sally Garrett, both of the University of Alabama.We are most grateful for their insight, analysis and contributions to how the case can be taught successfully. 717 718 Case 12 Nineteen's Strategy for the WI-?Good Enough to Beat Oxbow 360 and Plantation 3? Finally, the case's strong decision focus allows students to consider what Nintendo must do next to ultimately win the battle among next generation video game consoles. To give stud ents guidance in what to do and think about in preparing theNintendo case for class discussion, we strongly recommend providing class members with a set of study questions and insisting that they prepare good notes/answers to these questions in preparing for class discussion of the case. To facilitate your use of study questions and making them available to students, we have posted a file of the Assignment Questions contained in this teaching note for Nintendo on the student section of the publisher's Online Learning Center for the 17th edition (www. Meme. Com/Thompson). You should be aware that there is a set of study questions posted in the student LLC for each of the 26 cases included in the 17th edition. ) In our experience, it is quite difficult to have an insightful and constructive class discussion of an assigned case unless students have conscientiously have made use AT pertinent core concepts Ana analytical tools In preparing ostentatious answers to a set of well-conceived study questions before they come to class. In our classes, we expect students to bring their notes to the study questions to use/refer to in responding to the questions that we pose.Moreover, students often find having a set of study questions is useful in helping them prepare oral team presentations and Ritter case assignments-?in addition to whatever directive questions you supply for these assignments. Hence, we urge that you insist students spend quality time preparing answers to study questions-? either those we have provided or a set of your own questions. There is a 2:48 second video that accompanies this case that discusses how the WI has expanded the market for video games by appealing to non-traditional gamers.It is best to show the video at the very beginning of the class discussion. The case can be used effectively for a written assignment or oral presentation. Our recommended questions for written assignments are as follows: 1. You have recently been hired by Nintendo o f America as an analyst and have been assigned to its WI strategy group. During your first meeting with the strategy group, the team leader asked that you prepare an analysis of the video game console industry for distribution at the next meeting.Please prepare a 5-6 page report that includes a description of the industry dominant business and economic characteristics, evaluates competition in the industry, assesses industry driving forces, and lists industry key success factors. Your report should also include a tragic group map of the entire video game industry and specific strategy recommendations that will allow the WI to remain the leading next generation console. 2. As a newly hired Nintendo of America retail representative, you have been asked to Join a cross functional strategy group.The group's charge from upper level management is to make a set of recommendations designed to further solidify the company's number-one ranking in the industry. Your recommendations to upper ma nagement should be in the form of a 2 – 3 page executive summary and must be supported with a complete industry analysis, company situation analysis, and uncial analysis. Each recommendation should be supported by your analyses and must clearly specify what elements of your analysis led to your conclusions.The exhibits, tables and figures used in your analysis should be attached to your executive summary and carry an equal weight in determining your grade for the assignment. ASSIGNMENT QUESTIONS 1 . What are the defining business and economic characteristics of the video game console industry? What is the industry like? 2 want Is competition Like In ten peeve game console Industry:' DOD Twelve-Tortes analysis to support your answer. Which of the five competitive forces is strongest? Which is weakest?Would you characterize the overall strength of competition in video game consoles as fierce, strong, moderate to normal or weak? Why? Crafting & Executing Strategy 17th Edition 3. What forces are driving changes in the video game console industry? Are these driving forces acting to make the industry more or less competitively intense? Are the driving forces acting to make the industry more or less profitable in future years? 4. What 3-5 key factors determine the success of video game console developers like Nintendo? 5. What is Nineteen's strategy?Which of the five generic strategies discussed in Chapter 5 is Nintendo using? What are some of the recent offensive and/or defensive strategies that Nintendo has employed? Have these tactics been successful? 6. Is it fair to characterize Nineteen's introduction of the WI as a blue ocean strategy? Why or why not? 7. How well is Nineteen's strategy working in terms of the financial performance it is delivering? Should shareholders be pleased? Why or why not? What 2-3 weaknesses do you see in Nineteen's financial performance? 8. What does a SOOT analysis reveal about the attractiveness of Nineteen's overall taxation? Is the company's competitive position as solid as top management seems to believe? Does the company have a competitive advantage? If so, what is the basis for this competitive advantage and is the advantage sustainable? 9. What does a competitive strength assessment (as per the methodology in Table 4. 4 of Chapter 4) reveal about whether Nintendo has a competitive advantage? 10. What recommendations would you make to Nintendo to improve its competitiveness in the video game console industry and to maintain its favorable positioning visit-Г-visit Microsoft and Sony?TEACHING OUTLINE AND ANALYSIS . What are the defining business and economic characteristics of the video game console industry? What is the industry like? Students should be able to identify the following business and economic characteristics of the console segment of the video game industry: v Economies AT scale: competitors In ten Industry are large Ana conclave cost advantages by producing large quantities. However, both Sony and Microsoft have traditionally operated at a loss in part due to heavy investments into research and development. Product innovation: Competitors win market share from rivals by developing arduous that are technologically superior and more powerful than the products offered by rivals. New products often contain technological breakthroughs such as advanced graphics or interactive motion-sensitive controllers as the basis for competition. V Degree of product differentiation: Products in the market are becoming increasingly more differentiated. Some products offer high definition graphics and play DVD's while others offer controllers with motion sensors to fundamentally change the way gamers play and interact with the game. Scope of competitive rivalry: Competition occurs on a global scale to help bread research and development costs while driving revenues. For the largest competitors, non-American sales account for the majority of worldwide sales with the exception of Oxb ow v Segmentation: The industry was segmented into console hardware, console software, handheld hardware, handheld software, PC software, online games, interactive TV, and mobile phone games. V Market size: The total size of the global video game industry exceeded 69 million units sold in 2008. 19 720 Students should further identify the following as important attributes of the industry: v Entry/Exit barriers. Barriers to entry were all but insurmountable. Successful new entrants were required to have sufficient capital and technological capabilities to develop sophisticated game hardware systems capable of performing highly complex calculations. Other barriers to entry included the establishment of an installed base of sufficient size to provide an adequate incentive for independent software developers to create games for a new game system. Scope of rivalry. Rivalry in the industry could be considered global, with the three largest sellers of game systems competing against each oth er in all world arrest. Competition exists on the basis of technologically-advanced and unique v scale economies. Economies AT scale were necessary to Keep game system Ana component development expenses at acceptable per unit levels. Next generation game system and component development costs were so high that analysts believed Sony and Microsoft consistently operated at a loss. V Consumer characteristics.While typical gamers could be thought to have demographic characteristics of being young and male, a new trend is emerging whereby traditional non-gamers are now potential consumers. This has expanded nonuser characteristics to include a wider array of ages along with male and female consumers. 2. What is competition like in the video game console industry? Do a five-forces analysis to support your answer. Which of the five competitive forces is strongest? Which is weakest? Would you characterize the overall strength of competition in video game consoles as fierce, strong, moderate to normal or weak? Why?Substitutes for Video Game Systems Competitive pressures coming from the market attempts of outsiders to win buyers over to their product s Suppliers of Raw Materials and other inputs used in the Manufacturing f Video Game Consoles Competitive pressures stemming from supplier-seller collaboration and bargaining Rivalry among Competing Video Game System Sellers Competitive pressures created by the Jockeying of rival sellers for better market position and competitive advantage seller-buyer collaboration and bargaining Buyers of Video Game Systems Competitive pressures coming from the threat of entry of new rival s Potential New Entrants Into ten Vivo Game console Industry v The bargaining power and leverage of buyers – a weak competitive force Big box electronics store and discount store buyers had relatively little leverage in estimations with sellers of video game consoles. Consumers expected retailers to carry the three leading brands of consoles and the top two brands of handheld games.A decision by retailers not to carry the leading brands of game consoles would negatively impact the retailer's image with consumers. Students may suspect that manufacturers had uniform pricing for retailers, regardless of size, because of the standardized retail prices of game consoles. V The bargaining power and leverage of suppliers – a moderately strong competitive force Students will easily conclude that suppliers of microprocessors and graphics recessing units (Spins) had a moderate degree of leverage with console manufacturers because of the collaborative development process utilized in the industry. Console makers were unable to negotiate between sellers of core components, since microprocessors and Spins were specifically designed for a system.Students can rightfully argue that video game console producers did have the ability to negotiate terms with components manufacturers prior to the development of a next generation system. V Competition from substitutes – a moderately strong competitive force There were many recreation and entertainment substitutes to video games. Video gamers could engage in outdoor sports or other activities or find entertainment indoors by watching television, reading, listening to music, surfing the Internet, playing board games, or playing a musical instrument. However, the interactive nature of video games was very intriguing for many young people and older gamers. Students should point out that other gaming platforms such as PC games, handheld games and mobile phone games were also substitutes for console-based video games. Threat of entry – a weak competitive force Entry barriers that include considerable console development costs, advanced genealogical skills, a sizeable installed base of game consoles, game software development costs, volume guarantees to suppliers of key components and access to retailers make the threat of entry weak. The most likely new entran ts would be established computer technology companies such as Apple. V Rivalry among competing video game console producers – a fierce competitive Torte Students should conclude that rivalry among competing sellers is fierce. Competition between Nintendo, Sony and Microsoft centers primarily on the technological capabilities of the consoles and having a wide variety of appealing name titles developed either internally or through partnerships with independent game developers. The intensity of competition had driven console development and production costs to more than $800 per unit for the Plantation 3.A third competitive weapon utilized by console makers was aggressive pricing, which resulted in a loss of more than $300 per unit on every Plantation 3 sold. Microsoft's Oxbow 360 pricing was also believed to be below its production costs. Nintendo had chosen not to compete aggressively on technological capabilities when developing the WI and has earned refits on the sales of WI units. Overall Assessment: Students should conclude that the video game industry is only modestly attractive when looking at the console segment. The greatest percentage of industry profits seemed to generate from the sale of game software and peripherals. Students may compare the video game business to the razor/razor blade industry, whereby razors are sold at a loss or breakable and blades carry high margins.The development of a large installed base of console systems is essential to earning substantial profits from the sale of game software over the lifespan of a console. Therefore, students should recognize that the video game industry requires patience on the part of participants to see profits from their investments in next generation technology. 721 722 3. What forces are driving changes in the video game console industry? Are these driving forces acting to make the industry more or less competitively intense? Are the driving forces acting to make the industry more or less p rofitable in future years? Driving forces that students should be able to identify include: v Product innovation.Students should note that since the beginning of the died game industry, each new generation of video game consoles has been dramatically more technologically advanced than prior generations. Technological advancements have included better graphics (I. E. , high definition) and motion sensor controllers. V Emergence of new video game devices. Students will comment on the emergence of new video game devices such as mobile phones, ‘Pods, and other handheld devices. V Emergence AT Internet-Dates peeve games. Beginning wilt ten Good Ana Play 2, game consoles were capable of connecting to the Internet to play Internet-based game software or multilayer games. Societal trends.Changes in societal trends influence the disposable income of consumers to buy consoles. The industry is said to be resilient to recession. Changes in demographic groups present an opportunity in unta pped market segments. V Changing consumers. There has been a change in the target audience for video game console industry competitors with the introduction of Nineteen's WI. Incumbents are likely to take note of this new segment. Students should conclude that the individual and collective effect of industry driving forces will drive development costs higher-?making the industry less attractive for new entrants and increasing the number of unit sales necessary for current console makers to achieve breakable.Students could make the argument that, as development and production costs continue to climb, consoles must evolve into central entertainment hubs that all consumers would like to have in their homes to achieve sales volumes necessary to support profitability. In addition, students may suggest that the cost of developing handheld systems will likely rise as features are added to defend against game features included on wireless telephones and pod- type devices. 4. What 3-5 key fa ctors determine the success of video game console developers like Nintendo? Students should identify several factors that are necessary for competitive success in the console segment of the video game industry to include the following: v Large installed base.Students should be able to argue successfully that the development of a large installed base is the most important factor related to success in the console segment of the video game industry. A limited selection of game titles reduced consumer interest in the console-?regardless of its technological capabilities. V Technological capabilities. Video game console makers were required to develop next generation consoles that could fully exploit the capabilities of the latest microprocessors and Spins. Traditional gamers seemed most interested in games with realistic graphics. Nineteen's WI did not have the graphics rendering capabilities of the Plantation 3 or Oxbow 360, but did include a highly innovative and technologically advan ced wireless game controller. Partnerships with independent software developers. The availability of intriguing game titles was essential to building an installed base and earning residual pronto Trot game sales. Strategy 17th Edition rattling & Executing v Acceptable development and production costs. Development costs and production costs increased as each new generation of game console became more technologically advanced. The cost to develop microprocessors and Spins capable of performing increasingly complex instruction sets and the cost of innovative components such as Sonny's Blue-Ray HAD optical drive had caused the cost of each Plantation 3 unit to range from $805 to $840.The Plantation g's retail price caused Sony to lose as much as $305 per unit, which increased the volume of game software that must be sold to make the business unit profitable. Access to distribution. Students should determine without much difficulty that access to retail distribution through big box elect ronics stores and large discount stores such as Wall-Mart and Target are essential to building an installed base. Chapter 5 is Nintendo using? What are some of the recent offensive and/ or Students should identify a firm's competitive strategy as being concerned with the specific game plan management uses to compete successfully and to secure a competitive advantage over its rivals.This requires that a firm out-compete its rivals by doing a better Job of satisfying buyer needs and preferences. Companies can employ one of five generic strategies or some combination thereof to beat its rivals. Those generic strategies include the following: overall low-cost provider strategy, broad differentiation strategy, focused low-cost strategy, focused differentiation strategy and best-cost provider strategy. Students may find that Nintendo is using a broad differentiation strategy, which involves competing by being unique in ways that are valuable to a wide range of customers. Nineteen's WI uti lizes a game controller that is highly interactive by incorporating motion sensors.As such, Nintendo has successfully built a competitive advantage by incorporating features that enhance buyer satisfaction in uneconomic or intangible ways, which is one of the four ways to build a competitive advantage with a broad differentiation strategy. Nineteen's broad differentiation strategic approach has been successful since technological breakthroughs are a critical success factor in the industry. Additionally, Nineteen's recent offensive and defensive strategies have helped the company successfully implement its strategy. A core element of Nineteen's offensive strategy involved changing the market's perception of WI by offering a very different gaming

Aviation safety and human factors Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Aviation safety and human factors - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that the aviation industry is one of the most important industries in today’s times. Aviation safety is the responsibility of not just one person or one group it encompasses everyone from the manufacturers to the pilots and even to fliers. Therefore, one might say that one of the major factors controlling safety in the sky is human factors. Research has shown that 50% of all aviation mishaps are caused by human factors. One of the most important human factors in aviation is that of decision making and communication. One of the most important controllers of safety is the pilot. Even minor mistakes such missing a problem indication, misreading signs or making judgmental errors made by the pilot could lead to crashes and accidents. Improper decision making on the part of the pilots could be because of improper sleep, lack of concentration and fatigue.   According to a study in China lack of proper aviation safety training in Chinese p ilots was a major cause of aviation accidents that took place between 1999-2002. This lead to crashes owing to reasons such as overrunning, engine strike, ground object impact and mountain collision, all of which were caused by human factors. NASA Aviation Safety reporting system reported that between 1976 and 1983 35000 aviation accidents were caused by conflicts among aircrafts. This primarily happens through human factors such as failure to control traffic in the skies and failure to send signals to the pilots in time.

Answer the questions Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Answer the questions - Case Study Example Failure to pay taxes by Bill is also essential to this lawsuit. Overstatement of net annual profits by Sam is also fraudulent. Failure to disclose true and fair view information of the restaurant’s net profits creates a fine for Sam. Despite, the accountant disclosing the information on overstatement Bill still goes ahead to complete the sale indicating intention of hiding the improprieties by Sam (Hall, 2012). Sam can claim to have disclosed all information on the annual net profit of the restaurant through the brochure. Sam goes ahead to disclose the unreported cash transactions to Bill. Therefore, Bill is well aware of the nature of business and unpaid taxes. Bill goes ahead to accept and completes the sale. Making a net profit each year of a little less than $25,000 cannot be a basis to justify a breach of contract (Hall, 2012) Sam is liable for a fine for failure to report all transactions to IFS, which is fraudulent. Sam claims on breach of contract is invalid as he is well aware of the state of the restaurant dealings and attempts to cover the fraud (Hall,

The relationship of leadership to the politics of the organization Essay

The relationship of leadership to the politics of the organization - Essay Example (Fryer, 2004: 342) Upon examining the case of George Latour, the researcher will discuss the leadership style used by George followed by assessing the appropriateness of the leadership style. On the part of Shelley, the researcher will provide some recommended strategies that she could employ to enable her to better manage her boss. Prior to the main discussion, the researcher will assess the relative political position of George and Shelley as well as its implications on the leader-follower behavior. It is clear that George has been practicing autocratic or authoritarian leadership style. (Clark, 2005) Despite Shelley’s expertise in Marketing, George unconsiously directs Shelley on her every move causing her to feel very much demotivated with her job. In general, the use of authoritarian leadership style is more appropriate when the leader is training a new employee without any form of actual experience with the job. (Clark, 2005) Since Shelley has gained several successful experiences in the field of Marketing, George should apply a delegative or ‘free reign’ leadership style to empower Shelley to be a part of important Marketing-related decision-making. (Clark, 2005) When applying the delegative leadership style, George should develop a clear organizational goal which will serve as a guide on where the company as a team should focus. Upon discussing with Shelley her main goal, George should give her an ultimatum of three- to six-months period to come up with a good Marketing result. (Lawrie, 2004: 38) George should learn and adopt the transformational leadership style. (Goodnight, 2004: 36) In general, transformational leaders are the ones that do not practice positional authority. Instead of using authoritative leadership style, transformational leaders are committed to train and develop the rest of employees to become a leader

Starting Up a Business That Involves The Supply of Green And Organic Assignment

Starting Up a Business That Involves The Supply of Green And Organic Groceries - Assignment Example The researcher states that he wants to start his business of natural and organic grocery delivery service which will mainly focus on the supply of fruits and vegetables because of the recent interest in fresh and green farm produce. The society is increasingly becoming aware of the need for environmentally friendly production of food and disposal of food waste. In addition, recent health concerns about junk food and unhealthy eating mean that there will be a special interest in green groceries. The business will fill the need of environmental and health conscious individuals who prefer greengroceries over genetically modified or junk food. In addition, there is a food shortage in some regions, and the never-ending need to eat means that there will always be a constant demand for food. A lesson from Bakers Edge and Shark Tank is that networking is essential in any business. The Shark Tank investors largely focus on networking as integral to the success of any business. A network is a structure that attracts and informs potential customers of the existence of a business. The network involves such things as aggressive marketing and endorsements from celebrity personalities. In addition, it is essential to identify potential investors and their networks. Bakers Edge interview on the Shark Tank show gave them considerable exposure and mileage in the bakery business. Oprah also hosted and endorsed their product.

Ecology Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Ecology - Research Paper Example The transitions did not follow a successive order but were rather random for each squirrel. In addition, it became evident that a relationship exists between the behavioral transitions. From the analysis, the behavioral changes appeared to be the results of chance and were very random. The highest transition frequency was between the food searching behavior and food handling. The lowest frequency occurs in vigilance behavior and food searching. The animals must strive to strike a balance between safety precautions and food searches. For the balance to occur, squirrels have to set the priorities right. It is critical for them to determine when the urgency for security must surpass the urgency for food. Introduction The Eastern Gray squirrel’s main habitat is the eastern North America and parts of Canada (Makowska and Kramer 2006). This species relies on seeds, nuts, acorns, beechnuts, butternuts, and hickory nuts for food. These squirrels usually remain in their dens and nests during winter. The Gray squirrel must avoid getting into the way of its multiple predators. These predators include hawks, owls, raccoons, and snakes. Socially, these squirrels value relationships and have close associations within their communities. This species of squirrels exhibits unique behaviors when feeding. These squirrels have many predators and have to stay wary of while searching for food. This is the reason why squirrels exhibit multiple behavior changes in their search for food, as they have to strike a balance between feeding and remaining secure. Many scientists have tried to decipher the behavioral patterns of the squirrels in the venture for the search of food. Numerous ecologists have been striving to explain why these behaviors result. This experiment sought to establish the different patterns portrayed during the squirrel’s search for food (Parker and Nilon 2008). Prior to this experiment, we predicted that the gray eastern squirrel portrays several foragi ng patterns. In addition, we hypothesized that there was a relationship the transition from one pattern to the other. Specific predictions suggested that there was vigilance behavior that led to food searching. There was also a possibility that food-handling behavior would precede vigilance behavior. Methods In this experiment, we observed squirrels for duration of fifteen minutes. We used focal fallows to observe the behavioral patterns of the squirrels. After observation, we tallied the frequencies of transitions indicating. Finally, we used chi-square test to determine the relationship between the transition behaviors. Results Statistical analysis of the data derived from tallying the observations presented the data available in the table 2 in the figures shown. The graph in figure shows the number of squirrels that exhibited different transition behaviors. The highest frequency occurred between food searching and food handling. The transition from vigilance behavior to food sear ching presented the lowest frequency. The squirrels also switched from vigilance behavior to food handling at a remarkable frequency. Only in few occurrences did the squirrels exhibit a transition from either vigilance or food handling behavior to engage in social behavior. It became evident that the squirrels did not exhibit any transition from social behavior to food

Electronic commerce Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Electronic commerce - Essay Example It has also resulted to a difference in the way the companies relate to each other. The increased use of the internet has been contributed to by the need to perform business on line (Baye, Morgan, 2001). Various companies have managed to place their products on internet servers, where they have managed to advertise even using virtual brochures. In order for companies to attain competitive advantage, the virtual market should be untapped so as to reach so the many internet users (Baye, Morgan, 2001). Electronic commerce is defined as the buying and selling of goods, services or information through computer networks using the internet. E -commerce offers new ways of doing business that no company can ignore. Electronic commerce has brought with it several benefits, and it is also extremely convenient. Some of the benefits of e-commerce include; shortened remittance time, companies have managed to easily promote their product, both consumers and the companies have saved on the cost; it has enhanced the provision of timely information. E-commerce has also ensured a consistent flow of information; better customer relationship, it has enhanced the customization of products, and it has also brought with it the convenience of doing business (Baye, Morgan, 2001). ... The informational strategy has proved to be productive for most companies. An example showing the use of this strategy is Insight Direct, where a discount computer cataloger marketing mostly to business, obtains only 10 per cent of its deals from its on-line collection; however, such a company manages to get more than more 75 percent new customers from the site (Baye, Morgan, 2001). Another strategy used in e-commerce is the on-line or transactional strategy, which normally uses an electronic catalogue of goods for sale. Those visiting the site can normally go through the catalog and purchase products online. Despite the fact that the informational strategy provides an electronic catalogue and ordering information, it does not enhance online business transactions. The informational strategy does not, therefore, exploit the ability of the web to be used as an interactive medium. The transactional strategy is what most consumers relying on e-commerce would expect. In e-commerce for a c ompany to increase its overall performance, it is essential that the company establishes a website. This strategy may have a disadvantage, which is transaction insecurity. Online transactions have proved to be successful both for the small and medium sized companies. Such companies that have benefitted using this strategy include; the Virtual vine yards and Amazon.com. The use of the online transaction strategy has enhanced the growth of various enterprises; this is because the web has proved to be a potential money making vehicle that can be used in e-commerce (Baye, Morgan, 2001). The two strategies, however, have both advantages and disadvantages. The advantages of using the informational strategy include;

Students in AP World History Essay Example for Free

Students in AP World History Essay Students in AP World History are expected to be able to write three different types of essays: a document-based question (or DBQ), a change-over-time essay, and a comparative essay. You can probably gather from the names what you need to do in each essay – the document-based question provides you with a set of documents on which to base your essay; the change-over-time essay asks you to analyze the changes and continuities that occurred within a certain period of time; and the comparative essay asks you to compare and contrast two episodes, cultures, religions, or other historical phenomenon from a given period. Writing a thesis for an AP World History essay is a little different from other theses you may have learned to write in English or Oral Communications. Luckily, there is a basic format you can use for each of the three essays. The key to writing a good AP World History essay is to tell the reader what you are going to talk about before you talk about it. The AP World History Exam refers to this as your thesis. The scoring rubric (the guidelines readers use to score your essays) requires readers to answer the following questions about each of your essays: †¢ Do you have a comprehensive, analytical, and explicit thesis? †¢ Is your thesis acceptable? So how does a person write a comprehensive, analytical, and explicit thesis? What needs to be included? What is an â€Å"acceptable† thesis and what is an â€Å"unacceptable† thesis? Put simply, an analytical thesis will use specific details that will allow the reader to understand exactly what you are talking about. A good thesis is never just one sentence; it is a group of statements. Therefore, you will start with a general sentence, but you have to then follow it up with additional sentences that provide all the necessary elements described above. Together, these statements must †¢ restate the prompt and define terms, context, and chronology of events under discussion †¢ address each part of the question (include both a similarity and a difference or both a continuity and a change) †¢ Make a transition statement to the body of the essay with a sentence like â€Å"The historical evidence would indicate that † A strong analytical thesis will serve as a â€Å"road map† for the remainder of your essay and show the reader that you are on target with answering the question. The Prompt Each AP World History Essay exam will have a prompt, or question, that you will write on. An example of a prompt would be this: Compare the economic, social, and political characteristics of ancient Mesopotamia and ancient Egypt. The first thing to remember is that when it says â€Å"compare,† what the prompt really means is for you to both â€Å"compare† and â€Å"contrast. † AP exam readers will expect you to know this! You will need to note both similarities and differences. The Thesis The first sentence of your thesis should be a restatement of the prompt. Before you begin writing, you should first underline important information in the prompt. In the sample above, you would want to underline the words social, political, economic, ancient, Mesopotamia, and Egypt. You will then use those words to create the first sentence of your thesis. Here is how that might look: â€Å"Two ancient civilizations, Mesopotamia and Egypt, created complex societies with distinct social, political, and economic characteristics. † The second sentence of your thesis should address both a similarity and a difference. You will simply list them in the thesis. Do not analyze them. Save them for analysis later in your paper. Here is how your second sentence might look: â€Å"One similarity is that both civilizations developed strong economies based on trade with other cultures. One difference is that the Mesopotamians traded with people across the Indian Ocean in South Asia, while the Egyptians traded with their neighbors to the south in Nubia. † The third and final sentence of your thesis should be the transition into your essay. It is here that you will help your reader get from your introduction into the bulk of what you have to say. Here is how your third sentence might look: â€Å"â€Å"The historical evidence would indicate that the two civilizations of Mesopotamia and Egypt had some subtle differences, but were, for the most part, nearly identical. †

Influences Of Greek And Roman Theatre

Influences Of Greek And Roman Theatre Desire Under the Elms published in1924 is one of Eugene ONeills American classic plays. This play is written in three parts with each part divided into four scenes. It is based of Greek mythology and Roman tragedy. The setting is farmhouse in New England in 1850s with characters Ephraim Cabot 76 year old father, Simeon and Peter sons of the first wife, Eben son of the second wife, Abbie Putnam 35 year old third wife, young girl, two farmers, the fiddler, a sheriff, and other folk from the neighboring farms. This play portrays many elements of day to day life ambiences passion, betrayal, love, lust, hate, infanticide, tragedy, haunting past, persuasion, and sacrifice for love. Hamlet is a revenge tragedy written in the line of Roman Seneca tragedy. Passion; eroticism; pomposity; persuasiveness; incest; betrayal: partners in sin who go on a redemption, tragic and strong love, forbidden desire, rebellion against a father figure, complex love and hate, sacrifice of a child, the haunting past, determinism of the characters and their inner struggle. The elm serves as a catalyst to sensing, feeling and even seeing that which is not always visible. Elm tree meaning includes strength of will and intuition. During the 18th and 19th centuries, elms were popular as ornamentals by virtue of their rapid growth and variety of foliage and forms. This popularity lasted until World War I when the consequences of hostilities, notably in Germany, and the outbreak of Dutch elm disease saw the elm slide into horticultural decline. Elm wood is valued for its interlocking grain, and consequent resistance to splitting, with significant uses in wheels, chairs and coffins. The wood is also resistant to decay when permanently wet, and hollowed trunks were widely used as water pipes during the medieval period in Europe. Elm trees grow inhardiness zones 2 through 6. Buy an Elm New Horizon tree from Nature Hills Nursery. Elm is thought to be the tree of old Family and family tradition. Elm is often associated with Mother and Earth Goddesses, but it wou ld be completely wrong to say that it represents a female spirit. The main aspect of Elm symbolism is strength; and in that quality it leaves behind even the most powerful trees, such as Oak, Alder or Yew. Elm strength is dark and heavy; it feeds on primary instincts rather than conscious decision. This tree is quite inert and rigid, and its power is not rash; but when Elm gets ready, its strike will completely smash an enemy. Despite such prominent warrior qualities, Elm is not always good in battle. The matter is that this tree has much too passion for classic war activity and in its anger may become totally unmanageable. It personifies a mad berserker, blinded by his rage of blood, who kills everyone on his way, even if it makes no sense. Due to this blindness Elm, though strong and active, is usually not a leader, but a follower (and a very devoted follower!). As appears from the above, Elm is not an easy tree. Nevertheless, it should not be seen as completely evil, and no other tree should either. Some of Elm spiritual qualities are very valuable. For example, rare tree can do better than Elm in defending interests of family or close group. It stands to the last, and will continues to fight even in hopeless situation. Elm loyalty is unquestionable; and it will despise everyone, who shows a sight of weakness or hesitation. Elm is good for any magic workings, which are involving strength; and it also has the ability to add stability and grounding to a spell. Elm does well in dark practices, especially in spells that can bring irreversible material damage. It is known to dull the senses and cause depression or darkness, and is often used in dealing with shadows. Keywords: strength, stability, grounding, foundation, rigid structure, darkness, pressure, blind rage, devotion, loyalty to family, dark passion, fighting to the last. In The monumental tragic consequences of the incest passion that flares between a coquettish, seductive woman and her stepson, and the romantic rhetoric both use while entrapped in their sexual ecstasy. The two infatuated lovers before, while and after they commit the sin of incest, and attempts to measure their romantic rhetoric against such incestuous lust. The two lovers incest takes place in an ominous house teeming with family tensions, intense lust, hatred, and betrayal. In Desire Under the Elms (1924), a domestic peasant tragedy set in New England, Eugene ONeill portrays the grave consequences of the tragic incestuous passion that flares between a coquettish, seductive, young woman and her stepson. Abbie Putnam, a newly widowed young woman and is now old Cabots third wife, is a wicked, lusty, and extremely beautiful woman. ONeill portrays her as a woman who has a captivating and sexy figure full of lust, Abbie is thirty-five, buxom, full of vitality with a sensual face revealing her intense lust, Her round face is pretty, but marred by its rather gross sensuality (Desire Under the Elms 335). Hartman remarks that Abbie embodies the eternal earth spirit in whom all streams of desire converge (361). Abbie is a vivacious woman who lives only on lifes physical level, and once she tries to live on the spiritual level, she destroys others and destroys herself as well. In marrying an old man, the age of her father and maybe against her will, she was plannin g to seize the farmhouse and disinherit her stepsons. It is quite ironical that both Cabot and Eben patronize the same local prostitute. Though Eben hates his father for his immorality and sensuality, he himself is immoral and corrupt. He keeps visiting a whorehouse to sleep with the same prostitute his father sleeps with. He is involved in an incestuous love affair with his stepmother and fathers a son by her, thus disgracing himself and the entire family. Eben even takes after his father in some aspects of his personality. Both are lusty, deceitful, infidel, rash, stubborn, vengeful, and arrogant. Above all they are both the victims of seething animal passions. Their conflict over the possession of both the farm and the mother, the catalyst Abbie, and the incestuous relationship between the son and his stepmother all result in a great tragedy. The stock oedipal conflict between father and son over the possession of the mother runs throughout the course of Desire Under the Elms and takes different shapes, all of which culminate in the tragic destruction of the house and its dwellers. Hartman (1961) views the incestuous love affair that unites Abbie and Eben as a tragic involvement in the mother-image (361). Hartman argues that the oedipal desire for the mother is ruinous, Desire for, and identification with, the mother can cause evil to spread (367). The influence of Greek tragedy on the content of Desire Under the Elms is clearly manifest, however such influence is charged with a mystical view of the forces at work in and through human beings (Gelb 539). In their oedipal complex- based deconstructive analysis of the play script of Desire Under the Elms Murray and Bowman (1987) argue that although the plays locale is quite American, and is spiritually and emotionally tied to the puritan society, it is deeply rooted in structures found in Greek mythology (4). Murray and Bowman maintain that Ebens desire for his stepmother does not subvert his structuring superego and therefore he becomes a victim to his unconscious oedipal complex. the play is not based solely on the Greek Hippolytus myth linking Eben with Hippolytus , Abbie with Phaedra and Cabot with Theseus, but is based on this myth along with the Freudian Oedipus complex and the Nietzschean philosophy (5). Racey classifies Desire Under the Elms as a New England domestic tragedy since the Cabot family is disintegrated in a time and place when family was supposed to be the backbone of love, solidarity and labor (5). According to Racey, The Cabots tragedy is the result of a familial structure that could not sustain their sexual and materialistic desires (5). Despite the fact that Cabot did not commit any horrible sins like those committed by his son Eben and his wife Abbie, Racey argues that Cabot is the tragic hero in the play and its main character (95). Newlyn argues that the mutual physical attraction between the son and his stepmother reflects ONeills heavy reliance on the classical myths of Oedipus and Phaedra as a raw material for his domestic farm tragedy. Cabots tragic flaw that has ultimately lead to his downfall and that of all his family members is his excessive greed for property, hypocrisy, the delusion of his faith and his lust for women. Still he remains the plays only tragic figure. Cabots New England theodicy, as Presley states, gives him a towering tragic stature and an inward reality far greater than that of any other character in the play (27). Like an Aristotelian tragic figure Cabots downfall is the result of his hubris which not only causes his destruction, but also the ruin of the lives of his sons, new wife and even his former dead wives. Cabot, as Presley notes, is materially blessed but morally dissolute, blinded by a cage of greed (25). Ephraim Cabot represents what McVeigh (1990) calls the archetype of the senex amans or ridiculous old lover figure of Roman comedy (qtd. in Saur 106). Miller (1965) states that It is Ephraims self-delusions that drive his family each to their tragic ends ONeills prolix language and describes it as a vehicle for enveloping the extravagant plots and psychological formalism that owed much to Greek drama (22), and Cohn asserts that ONeill was the first American playwright whose dialogue gave his audience a feeling of observed life rather than books read as a result of committing the horrible crimes of incest and infanticide Eben and Abbie will live forever as sexual and social outcasts. They will never be respected in the community where they live, and they will always live under the curse of the crimes they committed, for evil means and deeds always result in evil ends. It is ironical that Abbie in killing the child was thinking that she, as Ditsky puts it, was sacrificing a future generation to ensure the present sensual enjoyment with her lover (qtd. in Hays 436). To prove her genuine love for Eben and to enjoy his crimson love, Abbie murdered the child. However, she did not know that in killing the child, she would be sent to jail, and would therefore no more enjoy her present love. It is also ironical on the part of Eben when he sacrifices his own youth which he would spend in prison for Abbie mistakenly believing that in sharing the guilt with her, he would join her in prison. He failed to realize that both would be sent to different prisons and might both be hanged. Their sacrifice is hopeless and their crimes are so tragic and beyond repentance. Greek tragedy by utilizing Freudian and Jungian psychology mixing them with some elements of Greek and American mythology. love and hatred, attraction and repulsion, desire and murder, incest and faith, and softness and hardness. The two elm trees resemble evil that is haunting the Cabots homestead, and they suggest the likelihood of the coming misfortune. Evil haunts the Cabots farmhouse and tempts its dwellers to commit dreadful sins. Cabot is a sinner and though he keeps praying for God to cruse his disobedient sons, he himself is an unbeliever. The Cabots feel the presence of an evil spirit in the house, but fail to understand the mysterious nature of such a spirit. They fail to unravel the mystery that drives them to their ominous ends. Cabot can feel the curse, but does not know what it is and why it is permeating the farmhouse. Even during the merry making scene, he can feel the presence of evil dominating the entire house. Desire is part of nature which is portrayed as an abiding absolute throughout the play (Carpenter 109).The play abounds with references to nature, and the characters express their admiration of nature on several occasions. The Cabots farmhouse is towered by two elm trees that reflect the image of Ebens dead mother and the entire protective feminine spirit that hovers over and redeems the Cabot farm from its hard masculine rocks (Going 386). In this context, desire, the mother and nature are seen as one entity reflecting the three constituent elements collectively. New England was far from being stereotyped as the new Eden for the puritans, but rather it was disapprovingly depicted as a land of hypocritical faith and greed for property.

coming of age in samoa Essay -- essays research papers

Coming of Age in Somoa Margaret Mead’s â€Å"Coming of Age in Samoa†, which was actually her doctoral dissertation, was compiled in a period of six months starting in 1925. Through it, people were given a look at a society not affected by the problems of 20th century industrial America. She illustrated a picture of a society where love was available for the asking and crime was dealt with by exchanging a few mats. This book helps one to realize the large role played by social environment. One of Mead’s biggest challenges was probably the fact that her fieldwork was done entirely in the Samoan language. In Samoa, few, if any natives spoke English. To get information, Mead spent her time talking to approximately 25 Samoan women. However, she spent much of her focus on two young Samoan women, Fa’apua’a Fa’amu and Fofoa. It is said that one Samoan woman’s life is very much like the next. At the time of her visit to Samoa, Mead, a graduate student was only 23 years old. She was barely older than the girls she interviewed and lovingly called her â€Å"merry companions†. The vision recieved while reading â€Å"Coming of Age in Samoa† is that it is a place of nearly stress free living. The children pass through adolescence without the many pressures put upon teenagers in an industrial America: ...adolescence represented no period of crisis or stress,but was instead an orderly developing of a set of slowly maturing interests and activities (95). According to Mead, families are large, taboos and restrictions are few, and disagreements are settled by the giving of mats. The stresses encountered by American teenagers are unknown to their Samoan counterparts. Mead refers to premarital sex as the â€Å"pastime par excellence† for Samoan youth. She writes that Samoa is a virtual paradise of free love, as the young people from 14 years of age until they are married have nothing on their minds except sex. Of Samoan girls Mead says: She thrusts virtuosity away from her as she thrusts away from her every other sort of responsibility with the invariable comment, â€Å"Laitit a’u† (â€Å"I am but young†). All of her interest is expanded on clandestine sex adventures (33). She explains that growing up can be free, easy and uncomplicated. Romantic love in Samoa is not bound with ideas of monogamy, exclusiveness, jealousy and fidelity as it is in America. Evidently, due to the lack of priva... ...ons. After a girl is eight or nine years old she has learned not to approach a group of older boys. However, when it comes to younger boys, they are taught to antagonize them. The boys are considered â€Å"older† after they have been circumcised. When a girl is looking for her first lover, she looks to an older man, most often a widower or a divorcee. There are two types of sexual relations other than marriage that are recognized by Samoans. These include love affairs between unmarried young people, and also adultery. Although virginity is not expected in girls, Mead claims that it defiantly adds to their attractiveness. Essentially, having sex with a virgin is much more of a feat for a man than sex with a girl who is not. Marriage in Samoa is regarded as a social and economic arrangement in which relative wealth, rank and the skill of both husband and wife must be considered. In conclusion, Margaret Mead’s dissertation on Samoa is still interesting after 75 years. The customs of Samoans, especially those regarding sex are very interesting to people of other cultures. This society rests most of their regard on love and happiness and seem to have been successful in achieving that

Robert Louis Stevenson’s The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde Essa

â€Å"The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde† is a gothic horror novella written by Robert Louis Stevenson in the Victorian era. The novella follows a well-respected doctor - Henry Jekyll - and his struggle between good and evil when he takes a potion and becomes Mr Hyde. Robert Louis Stevenson - the author of the novella â€Å"The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde†- was born in Edinburgh in 1850 and died at the young age of forty-four. He wrote the book in 1886. As a child he was very close to his nurse and when he was ill she used to read him Bible stories as he was brought up in a strict Catholic tradition, which he later rebelled against. This led to his fascination for his city’s low life and for bizarre characters, which proved rich material for later stories. Deacon Brodie lived in Edinburgh in the eighteenth century. His double life is thought to have been the inspiration for Robert Louis Stevenson to write â€Å"Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde†. Deacon Brodie lived an extravagant lifestyle, which even his high position in Edinburgh society could not support, so he turned to crime to finance his lifestyle. This concept of a doppelganger - a shadow of a different side of a human - was used in â€Å"Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde† to create the same effect. Stevenson may also have found inspiration from a book, called â€Å"Frankenstein† by Mary Shelley as it is of the gothic horror genre just like Stevenson’s book. A gothic horror story contains a plot hinged on suspense and mystery, which often involves the supernatural. Another writer, who may have influenced Stevenson’s writing, is Charles Darwin and his theory of evolution. Within Stevenson’s gothic horror story - â€Å"Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde† - suspense is added by the descrip... ...nerable. He portrays evil to be strong, as you only think of yourself and what you want, and this is why Hyde attempts to take over Jekyll. Although Hyde seems to take over Jekyll there is still a part of Jekyll there, which makes Hyde take the potion to become Jekyll again, so that he can then end the evil of the beast he created which also means ending his life too. In conclusion I feel Stevenson has successfully portrayed evil through his characters, setting and language. I enjoyed the different ways it suggests evil and I believe Robert Louis Stevenson has accomplished his aim to write a gothic horror book and â€Å"The Strange case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde is truly a book of its time as creating an evil side that, if made subject to, would alter normal civilized behaviour and conduct horrific violence was unheard of at the time the book was published.

Graduation Speech: Fireworks -- Graduation Speech, Commencement Addres

Even though you cannot see them yet, the fireworks will begin tonight. In bright stunning colors, they will paint over the black world around them and they will glow. In all shapes and sizes they will scatter over the stars and the moon. They will erupt in loud, almost deafening blasts to hushed crackles of soundless glory. Each diploma received is a lighted match of fire. Each graduate is a fuse. If you put a lighted match and a fuse together, you make sparks to create light. If you put a diploma and a graduate together, you have fireworks. As I look down into the mass crowd of parents, guardians, relatives, friends, teachers, and other members of Southern Columbia’s school community, I can only focus on my fellow graduating classmates. This particular section is beginning to illuminate. It is giving off a subtle glow of many colors as if it is ready to explode into blinding lights. The dull colors seen now are only the stored energy ready to explode. The TNT is the knowledge that each graduate has acquired at Southern Columbia. It is the basic factor in beginning to light their personal firework. Once every graduate has a diploma in their hands, the whole world will be painted with their cascading colors. These colors will reflect upon the eyes of many people watching them erupt. Bright hues will light up as every graduate paints the world with their own color. I caution everyone in the audience to put on their sunglasses, because I feel the future will be so bright for my fellow classmates and myself that we will all have to wear shades. Some people say they remember the enormous fireworks that stretch out for what looks like miles in the sky. Other people say they remember the fireworks that are small and pop so qu... ...tant people for caring about our future. You cannot look at the firecrackers ready to be set off and perfectly imagine their shape and size. You can only hope that they will ignite into a display of colors and inspiration in all sizes instead of malfunctioning. As graduates, we do not know who we are until we see what we can do. Class of 2004, no matter how bright your colors glow, how large your display is, or how loud your boom is, all of us are important in providing the rest of the world with such a memorable fireworks display that will leave our spectators speechless. As a whole, we have achieved so much over the many years, and we will keep on achieving in life even after we have left each other’s physical presence. As we move on with our lives, we will always meet in memories and in the sky as we display our individual colors and patterns over the world.

The Sustainability Megatrend (NZ)

To the Undergraduate Programmer Manager, In this report sustainability will be addressed as to how it has affected New Zealand, and it will be explained how the concept of sustainability is a engagement. Sustainability is very important because we do not want to endanger or reduce the standard of living for consecutive generations (Wiley and Sons, 2010). Without basic resources such as air and water, there will surely be no life on earth in the future.Supply chains and globalizes workforces have created pressure on the environment and in turn businesses. Sustainability has become an objective with which some organizations strive for such as the Sustainable Business Network. Sustainability will involve considering the long-term consequences of industry and production. It will be explained why businesses develop sustainable practices, why sustainability is important to New Zealand and what the government and different organizations are accomplishing to make New Zealand sustainable.It w ill also explain New Sealant's different industries that are environmentally friendly and on the way to Ewing sustainable. New Zealand has a unique set of industries and organizations relied on for economic growth, most of which are having sustainable practices applied to. This report will also take an insight into the right of development and sustainability of indigenous peoples and the challenges and opportunities faced when management is involved with human resource sustainability.Indigenous peoples have the right to develop and sustain their population, and human resource sustainability is essential gain competitive advantage in a demanding marketplace, as will be explained in this report. ‘The Sustainability Imperative' by David A. Lubing and Daniel C. Test (2010) is an article about the concept of how sustainability is an emerging engagement. Sustainability qualifies as a engagement due to how environmental issues have gradually influenced businesses choices on value for customers, shareholders and stakeholders.Globalizes work forces and supply chains have created environmental pressures that are unwanted by businesses as countries such as China and India compete for natural resources such as oil, which adds strain on the need to be sustainable. These issues have been increased by the mounting public and parliamentary concern. Consumers all over the world are looking for sustainable products and services because of these concerns. Thousands of companies are strategically implementing sustainable practices such as innovation in energy efficiency, pollution control, resource productivity and renewable power. High Involvement Management and Human Resource Sustainability: The Challenges and Opportunities' by Paul J. Gallon (2005) is an article about the challenges and opportunities of human resource sustainability. This article is putting forward the theory of how high involvement management can affect the sustainability of a business. Businesses are f acing a struggle in competitive advantage in a demanding marketplace; customers and consumers are demanding a lot more than before, with higher quality products, cheaper prices and faster delivery.To meet these challenges, more pressure has been placed on management to increase the sustainability, efficiency and productivity of their organizations, as well as to reflect and show top management. High Involvement Management strategy involves procedures that promote mutual respect and responsibility. Managers give employees more trust to make important workplace decisions, giving employees the hence to develop their knowledge, skills, improving employee satisfaction, resulting in higher productivity and effectiveness.A challenge is overcoming any employee resistance, as they can feel increasing pressure and a resistance to change when a strategy is put into place. Implementing strategies a step at a time can solve this. Company performance and sustainability usually benefits from the i ntegration of human resource management and product strategies. ‘The Right To Development and Indigenous Peoples: Lessons From New Zealand' by M Gibbs (2005) is an article about the concept of recognition and the right to placement for New Sealant's indigenous peoples.New Sealant's Jurisprudence insinuates that the Maori have the right to develop with the Treaty Of Waiting and the Waiting Tribunal. The Treaty Of Waiting had two versions, the European and the Maori. There is a lot of confusion over the two versions of the Treaty as they are not exact translation. This confusion has caused many debates and arguments such as the foreshore and seabed dispute (Foreshore and Seabed Act 2004 No 93, as at 01 April 2011) If other nations follow this explanation, development rights in other countries will be improved.The Waiting Tribunal has recognized New Sealant's indigenous peoples the right to develop as a people, to develop traditional resources and to take part in the development of resources unknown about in the 1840 partnership of the crown. The Treaty of Waiting has provided a solid foundation for the emergence of a Maori right to development. Maori represent 15% of New Sealant's current population, in a situation like this sustainability is important to maintain the indigenous population.The issue of sustainability has become an important one; businesses are increasingly evolving and implementing sustainable practices for various reasons. I will explain why businesses develop sustainable practices, why sustainability is important to New Zealand and what the government and different organizations are accomplishing to make New Zealand sustainable. Sustainability is â€Å"the use of resources to maintain a standard of living that enables society to satisfy its current needs without reducing the standard of living for successive generations. † (Wiley and Sons, 2010).The issue of keeping the world sustainable has encouraged individuals and businesses t o take action, to monitor the efficiency of their use of resources and to reduce their influence on the environment. Sustainability is often measured in different values such as the input and output of resources, types of cost savings, the reduction of resource waste and the apparent value of the business to society as a whole. There are three main reasons why businesses develop sustainable practices, greenmailing, a reflection of management values and the opportunity to exploit a sustainable niche.Greenmailing is a term that gives people the impression that you are supporting sustainability for its own sake, but really you are exploiting sustainable practices in the company as a means to accumulate support and generate a better financial return for shareholders. This raises the issue of if the business is ethical or abusing the publics trust. A reflection of management values is another reason why businesses develop sustainable practices, to show and reflect the values of top manag ement. If the board of a business is consistent and shares values on sustainability, these values are likely to be dispersed through the firm.The last reason is the opportunity to exploit a sustainable niche. Some businesses take he option of developing business through the assembly of sustainable goods. There are two main groups who are involved in sustainability, the Government and non- government organizations. The Tearoom New Zealand government has introduced basic sustainable development initiatives to urge sustainable business practices such as enacting the Resource Management Act 1991, signing and approving the Kyoto Protocol and signing the ROI Declaration 1992.A major initiative New Zealand is involved with is the Kyoto Protocol, which is an obligation of supporting cleaner air pollution and sustainable living. The ROI Declaration is another with which New Zealand is involved with, it is a UN document supported by numerous national governments that encourages solutions to t he impact of the social lifestyle on the circumstance of the planet. New Zealand Tearoom is also encouraged to Join the Emissions/Biodiversity exchange Project that is ‘A project that records greenhouse gas emissions and energy consumption and calculates the areas of native bush that it would take to offset them. (Wiley and Sons, 2010). In February 2007 the government announced a new sustainability policy aims at making New Zealand carbon neutral. This was lead by the example of upgrading the PIP fleet to be more economical. The New Zealand Business Council for Sustainable development is a non-government organization and a leadership initiative for change toward sustainable development. Many projects run by this organization promote sustainable progress through business and school, partnership, influence greenhouse gas guidelines and sustainable supply chain management.The board is made up of parties whose businesses have a direct interest with the council. Another non-governm ent organization is the Sustainable Business Network. They are a unique connection for genuineness that are looking to be more sustainable; they exist to help companies pursue sustainable projects. New Zealand relies on Agriculture, Horticulture and Diary Farming for economic growth. Because of this, a co dependent relationship exists to fulfill New Sealant's image of being ‘green'. This means that financial injections are relied on to conserve and maintain the environment.There are various industries and organizations applying sustainable practices to their routine. The tourism industry in New Zealand has had to face challenges concerning with environmental sustainability. New Zealand has built up a reputation over the years as being a clean and green country. This has contributed to the success of which draws people in to New Zealand. New Zealand is the first country to have a government tourism department. The New Zealand Tourism Board was founded in 1991 to create the high est returns for the country and uphold tourism as a major industry to New Zealand.George Hickman, New Zealand Chief Executive implemented the campaign ‘100% Pure' which was very successful in increasing tourist spending. Tourism is now the largest export industry in New Zealand, employing 1 in 10 rockers. New Zealand has won many awards for the ‘100% Pure' campaign, earning awards such as the daily telegraphs best destination award in October and among others (Luxury Adventures New Zealand, 2004). This shows that there is pressure on New Zealand to maintain the reputation of a clean and green country. The tourism industry here in New Zealand has had to face challenges to meet the expectations of visitors to this country.Viticulture and the Wine industry in New Zealand is turning into a recent export industry, with numbers of hectares growing in size to produce vines. As a fairly recent industry in New Zealand, sustainable vine and wine growing initiatives are being put i nto place to lessen the effects the industry has on the environment. The renewable energy industry in New Zealand is one of the largest in the world, with 70% of power usage from renewable power sources (Ministry of Foreign Affairs Trade, 2004) Meridian Energy is a government owned company that capitalizes on its capability to produce renewable energy for New Sealant's needs.Meridian Energy is the largest electricity generator in the country, and is the cornerstone of sustainable reactive. A comparison between this article and New Zealand sustainability practices is that since environmental issues have gradually influenced business choices on value for customers and some consumers are looking for sustainable products and services, this is an example of how this provides an opportunity for businesses to exploit a sustainable niche. In New Zealand sustainability, one main reason for businesses to develop sustainable practices was for the opportunity to exploit a sustainable niche.In t his article there is a demand from consumers for sustainable products, and how environmental and sustainable issues have had an impact on business decisions. A contrast between this article and appendix four is that in this article it has been stated that China and India have been competing to gain natural resources, but in New Zealand sustainability, New Zealand has been utilizing our natural resources by the â€Å"100% Pure† campaign to keep New Zealand as clean and green for the success of the tourism industry.New Zealand has also been using wind farms to generate renewable power. A comparison between ‘High Involvement Management and Human Resource Sustainability: The Challenges and Opportunities' by Paul J. Gallon (2005) and New Zealand sustainability is that they are both seeking to gain a good reputation of the reflection of management values. New Zealand sustainability stated that organizations show and reflect the values of top management advantage through susta inability.In the article by Paul J. Gallon, it is noted that High Involvement Management is implemented, not Just for sustainability but also to reflect the values of top management. A contrast between the two articles is that in the High Involvement Management article, it states that there is an increasing struggle to gain competitive advantage in more demanding marketplace, where businesses are having to produce better quality products, cheaper prices and faster delivery.Where as in the New Zealand sustainability article, businesses develop sustainable practices to exploit a niche in the market as a competitive advantage. The High Involvement article is putting forward the concept that to be more sustainable they have to improve organizational performance and integrate human resource management and product and market strategies. While in the New Zealand sustainability article, it is suggesting that to gain nominative advantage, the option of producing sustainable goods is recommen ded.A comparison between ‘The right to development and indigenous people: Lessons from New Zealand' by M. Gibbs (2005) and New Zealand sustainability is that in the Indigenous article, it explains that in the Treaty Of Waiting there were two versions, a British version and a Maori one. The two versions are not an exact translation of each other as the Maori version was to be the translation of the British one. It is argued that the Maori version was translated in haste and that oral translation may have been more important than the written one.This can be seen as unethical, and to a brief extent, an abuse of the Maori trust. In the New Zealand sustainability article, one way of why businesses develop sustainable practices is ‘Greenmailing, a term used that gives people the impression that a business is supporting sustainability for its won sake, but really they use it for a means to accumulate support and generate a better financial return. This can be seen as unethical or abusing the publics trust, a similarity to the confusion over the Treaty Of Waiting.A contrast between the two articles is that in the New Zealand sustainability article, he concept of being environmentally sustainable is put forward, whereas in the Indigenous Peoples article, the concept of having the right to develop and sustain the Maori people is introduced. Human Resources and Maori Business frameworks, concepts and theories are relevant to sustainability and the success of an organization. In Human Resources the concepts of Job satisfaction, Job involvement, organizational commitment and employee engagement are all-important concepts to run a successful sustainable organization.In Maori Business the framework of the Treaty Of Waiting has helped established certain aspects of New Sealant's Jurisprudence. The usefulness of the notion of integrating Strategic Management and Operations Management, Human Resources and Industrial Relations and Maori Business can be used as a tool to gain sustainable competitive advantage. They all interrelate and link to form one of the many basses of an organization. Strategic Management is the planning of preparing, implementing and evaluating decisions that will enable an organization to achieve its long-term goals.Strategic Management deals with the Five Forces Framework, which concerns itself with the entry, substitutes, suppliers, buyers and rivalries of an organization. It also deals with the SOOT analysis, which is strength, weakness, opportunity and threat, as well as political, economic, socio-cultural and technological aspects of the organization. Operations Management deals with the process flows accompanying with the consumption and creation of services and goods. Frameworks, theories and concepts used in this sector would be Six Sigma, a methodical process for refining the operational performance of an organization by eliminating waste.The Lean Approach, a method for meeting demand with no waste, which require s customer Ochs, synchronized flow, and involvement behavior. Another framework would be the Triple Bottom Line an annual report based on an organizations financial, social and environmental accountability. Human Resource and Industrial Relations is about managing people in order for a business and organization to succeed economically. Human Resource Management is about attracting, developing and maintaining a qualified workforce to maintain the objectives and strategies of a company, making it more sustainable.Human Resource and Industrial Relations concerns itself with functional structures, on the Job and off he Job training, career paths, the perceptions, personality, attitudes, and stress of people. Maori Business is the third largest business sector in New Zealand, and as New Sealant's indigenous people, it is important to understand the Maori economy in New Zealand. Maori businesses contribute around $10 billion to the economy of New Zealand, there are Maori tourism operators and export companies.Maori Businesses focus on farming, forestry and fishing as the largest exports although food, fashion and film are new growth areas. Sustainable practices are being developed in farming, forestry and fishing. Maori Businesses are some of New Sealant's largest corporations that deal with diversified products and services range. In a real world setting Strategic Management and Operations Management, Human Resources and Industrial Relations and Maori Business all interrelate as a tool to gain sustainable competitive advantage.With the Strategic Management, businesses and organizations would plan, prepare, implement and evaluate decisions and goals they would want to achieve. This can be integrated with Operations management, which deals in the consumption and creation of goods and services, as to achieve Operations Management; Strategic Management must be defined so that Operations Management recognizes the long-term plan and goals to achieve them. Human Resources and Industrial Relations are also integrated with Strategic Management as long term planning from Strategic Management affects the Human Resources and Industrial Relations.Maori Business is integrated with Strategic Management thorough the planning, preparing, implementing and evaluation of decisions and goals. The Quadruple Bottom Line also integrates the two sectors by making businesses responsible for the economic, social, environmental, sustainability and spiritual effects of undertaking business. Operations Management is integrated with Human Resources and Industrial Relations and Maori Businesses as well as Strategic Management. Operations Management is integrated with Human Resources and Industrial Relations by the long term maintaining of the objectives and strategies.It is also integrated with Maori Business by the environment, associated with both aspects, as Maori Business supports sustainability and Operations Management deals with waste elimination and general sustaina bility for both the organization and the environment. Lastly, Maori Business is integrated with Human Resources and Industrial Relations purely wrought how Maori Businesses tend to employ relatives, Hannah and Iii because of the cultural and family based aspect of Maori business.There are many insights I could offer to managers in the NUNS who wish to use the above to gain sustainable competitive advantage. I would offer the insight of improving Human Resource Management by increasing the sustainability, efficiency and productivity of their organizations. They could improve Job satisfaction, goal management. Using High Involvement Management could improve the loyalty and bond between manager and employee. If employees are given the chance to make important workplace decision, they will gain more skills and knowledge, be more involved with their work and will produce higher productivity.You also have to remember that strategies implemented to deal with Human resource have to be monit ored carefully and implemented a step at a time, as there may be some employee resistance in the change. Another insight I would offer is the use of the reflection of top management and greenmailing. Developing sustainable practices can show and reflect the values of top management as well as to accumulate support and generate a better financial return for shareholders.Sustainability has become an important issue in today's society, businesses are in the process of becoming more sustainable not only for competitive advantage but for the environment as well. An additional insight I would offer is to have very good Strategic Management, as this sets the direction of the organization. Frameworks, theories and concepts can be utilized for Strategic Management such as SOOT Analysis- strength, weakness, opportunity and threat; and the Five Forces Framework – entry, substitutes, suppliers, buyers and rivalry. Good planning is essential in a business to be competitively advantaged.I would also offer the insight of having a good integration between the Strategic Management and the Operations Management. Strategic Management is the planning process and direction of an organization and the Operations Management carries through what the Strategic Management plans. The connection between the two is important as one cannot function without the other. Having a good connection between the two can improve sustainable competitive advantage.